Club+Fungi

  * Origin: The phylum basidiomycota, or club fungi, gets its name from a specialized reproductive structure that resembles a club.
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 * The spore-bearing structure is called the basidium.
 * Basidia are found on the gills that grow on the underside of mushroom caps.
 * __DEFINITION __:A class of fungi in the subdivision Eumycetes; important as food and as causal agents of plant diseases.

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__**Characteristics of Club Fungi **__ ====== *Basidiomycota are unicellular or multicellular, sexual or asexual, and terrestrial or aquatic.*Another part of basidiomycota are ballistospores. This is a type of fungal spore that is forcibly discharged at maturity.*Ballistospores may be sexual or asexual, and may be produced by other ballistospores yeast cells, basidia, and hyphae.*The phylum basidiomycota contains members called basidiomycetes.

==**__Basidiomycetes__** ==

*basidiomycetes, contains all the fungi with gills or pores, including the familiarmushrooms and bracket fungi. *Basidiomycetes undergo what is probably the most elaborate life cycle of all the fungi. haploid primary mycelium, which begins to grow”
 * The life cycle of the basidiomycetes “a basidiospore germinates to produce a

*Haploids are organisms or cells that have only one complete set of chromosomes.

*Mycelium :the vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching threadlike hyphae *Hyphae: The fine, branching tubes which make up the body of a multicellular fungus.


 * The mycelium of different mating types join together to produce a secondary mycelium.


 * The secondary mycelium cell contain haploid nuclei of each mating type.


 * Secondary mycelia are considered one of the largest organisms to grow in the world. Growing in the soil they can reach up to hundreds of meters across.

__Diversity of Club Fungi__

*The club fungi are a very diverse group *They are decomposer but, other types are parasites of plants and animals. *Some of these fungi are Orange Jelly, Pigskin Poison Puffball, Fly Agaric, Star Stinkhorn Fungi, Shelf Fungus, and Bird’s Nest Fungus

__ Orange Jelly Pigskin Poison Puffball __ *Heterobasidiomycetes is another name for “Orange Jelly”.*Many of these jelly fungi can be eaten raw.*Although very rare, some of these jelly fungi can be poisonous. Many of them have an unpalatable texture or taste when eaten.


 * __Pigskin Poison Puffball__**

* Pigskin poison puffball, also known as Scleroderma is not truly a puffball but it is an Earth ball. *This poisonous mushroom does not lead to death but it does induce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, and chills.*Pigskin mushroom is most common in woods, sandy soil, and in wood chips, they grow in groups throughout North America. They are most commonly find early summer to late fall.

__ Fly Agaric __ (parboiling is when something is partially boiled in water)*Fun Fact: The Smurfs use Fly Agarics as homes!
 * Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric.
 * <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif;">*The fly agaric is a poisonous mushroom found in the temperate and boreal regions.
 * <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif;">*Although it is a poisonous plant death after consuming the plant is rare.
 * <span style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif;">*It has been eaten in Europe, Asia, and North America after parboiling in water.



__ Star Stinkhorn Fungi __ * The star stinkhorn fungi has many names, two being, Aseroe rebra and Phallus rubicundus. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px;">*These fungi produce spore slime, which has an intense smell of rotting meat or sewage. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">*They are very common on wood or bark-chip mulch in gardens, and on the rainforest floor.*There are a number of differently shaped species, but all are easily recognizable by the smell of the spore slime.



__<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: x-large; text-align: center;">Shelf Fungi __<span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 24px; text-align: center;">* The shelf fungi is most commonly known al polypore.*The shelf fungi’s pores average from tiny to large and can be the same size within*Basidia, spore producing cells, line the walls of the pores.* The spores have to drop down the pore into the air without sticking to the sides.

<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">
==<span style="font-size: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">**__Bird's Nests Fungi__** ==

*Bird's nest fungi are a small group of saprophytic fungi that have a unique way of reproducing.*Just like their name says, they look like small bird's nests complete with eggs. <span style="color: #7fd13b; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">*<span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode',helvetica,sans-serif;">The eggs are small capsules known as peridioles, which contain the spores. *These peridioles are lens shaped shiny white, black-grey or dark brown in color.

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